Radioisotopes Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Radioisotopes, including details on radioimmunotherapy, radionuclides, procedures, hazards.

Assessment of metabolic response to radioimmunotherapy with 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Storto G, De Renzo A, Pellegrino T, Perna F, De Falco T, Erra P, Nardelli A, Speranza A, Klain M, Rotoli B, Pace L

Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Università Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy. giosto24@hotmail.com

PURPOSE: To prospectively compare the assessment of metabolic response to yttrium 90 ((90)Y)-ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy (RIT) by using fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) combined positron emission tomographic-computed tomographic (PET/CT) imaging at 2 and 6 months to determine the most appropriate time to detect therapeutic response in refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients treated with RIT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ethical committee of the university approved the protocol and all patients signed informed consent. Twenty-three consecutive patients (10 women, 13 men; mean age, 51.8 years +/-7.3 [standard deviation]) treated by using RIT for relapsed or refractory follicular NHL were enrolled. For all patients, (18)F FDG PET/CT scanning was performed at baseline and at 2 and 6 months after RIT. Response was assessed by using the International Workshop Criteria (IWC) and revised criteria (IWC + PET) as well as the criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. One-way analysis of variance for repeated measures, receiver operator curve analysis, and Kaplan-Meier curves were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: PET/CT performed at 2 months revealed complete (n = 12) or partial (n = 4) metabolic response in 16 of 23 patients with complete or partial clinical response. These findings were all confirmed at 6-month scanning. PET/CT indicated refractory or persistent disease at 2 and 6 months in the remaining seven patients. Better overall survival was observed for patients with a reduction in the maximum standard uptake value of 49% or higher (both at 2 and 6 months after RIT) when compared with those with a decrease of less than 49% (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Early assessment of response to RIT by using PET/CT might be useful in the identification of patients needing additional therapeutic strategies.

Published 24 December 2009 in Radiology, 254(1): 245-52.
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Articles on Radioisotopes published 23 December 2009:

Percutaneous radionuclide ablation of axial aneurysmal bone cysts.   AJR Am J Roentgenol, 194(1): W84-90.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to retrospectively examine the efficacy of intralesional injection of 32P chromic phosphate, a beta-emitting colloidal radiopharmaceutical, in the treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts of the axial skeleton. Five patients with large aneurysmal bone cysts were managed with injection of 32P chromic phosphate into their tumors under CT guidance. With only a single minor complication, all lesions were observed to ossify on follow-up CT, with an average follow up ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Radioisotopes published 4 December 2009:

Radioimmunotherapy of breast cancer metastases with alpha-particle emitter 225Ac: comparing efficacy with 213Bi and 90Y.   Cancer Res, 69(23): 8941-8.

alpha-Particles are suitable to treat cancer micrometastases because of their short range and very high linear energy transfer. alpha-Particle emitter (213)Bi-based radioimmunotherapy has shown efficacy in a variety of metastatic animal cancer models, such as breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. Its clinical implementation, however, is challenging due to the limited supply of (225)Ac, high technical requirement to prepare radioimmunoconjugate with very short half-life (T(1/2) = 45.6 min) on ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Dealing with non-detect values in time-series measurements of radionuclide concentration in the marine environment.   J Environ Radioact, 101(1): 1-7.

The attention of scientists in the field of environmental radioactivity is drawn to statistical methods recommended by Dennis Helsel for dealing with datasets including measurements that fall below the detection limits, as often encountered in environmental monitoring programmes. The methods are described by Helsel in his book entitled "Nondetects and Data Analysis: Statistics for Censored Environmental Data" (John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2005, 250p). These methods are applied to a ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Radioisotopes published 1 December 2009:

Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy of pancreatic cancer xenografts: TF10-90Y-IMP-288 alone and combined with gemcitabine.   J Nucl Med, 50(12): 2008-16.

Pancreatic cancer is a silent disease that most commonly presents in an already metastatic form. Current treatment options provide little survival benefit. Radiolabeled PAM4 IgG, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a unique epitope associated with a mucin found almost exclusively in pancreatic cancer, has shown encouraging therapeutic effects in animal models and in early clinical testing ((90)Y-humanized PAM4 IgG, (90)Y-clivatuzumab tetraxetan). The studies reported herein examine a new ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Efficacy of systemic radionuclide therapy with p-131I-iodo-L-phenylalanine combined with external beam photon irradiation in treating malignant gliomas.   J Nucl Med, 50(12): 2025-32.

p-(131)I-iodo-L-phenylalanine ((131)I-IPA) is a tumor-specific amino acid derivative that demonstrated antiproliferative and tumoricidal effects on experimental gliomas. This study tested the efficacy of (131)I-IPA combined with external beam photon radiotherapy as a new therapeutic approach against gliomas. METHODS: Glioma cells derived from the rat F98 glioma or human Tx3868 or A1207 glioblastoma cell lines were stereotactically inoculated into the brains of Fischer 344 rats or RNU rats. ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Noninternalizing monoclonal antibodies are suitable candidates for 125I radioimmunotherapy of small-volume peritoneal carcinomatosis.   J Nucl Med, 50(12): 2033-41.

We have previously shown that, in vitro, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) labeled with the Auger electron emitter (125)I are more cytotoxic if they remain at the cell surface and do not internalize in the cytoplasm. Here, we assessed the in vivo biologic efficiency of internalizing and noninternalizing (125)I-labeled mAbs for the treatment of small solid tumors. METHODS: Swiss nude mice bearing intraperitoneal tumor cell xenografts were injected with 37 MBq (370 MBq/mg) of internalizing (anti-HER1) ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Radioisotopes published 25 November 2009:

Beneficial effects of sorafenib on tumor progression, but not on radioiodine uptake, in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.   Eur J Endocrinol, 161(6): 923-31.

OBJECTIVE: Treatment options for patients with radioactive iodine (RaI) refractory metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) are limited. We studied the effects of the multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib on the reinduction of RaI uptake and tumor progression. DESIGN: Open, single center, single arm 26-week prospective phase II study with open-ended extension. METHODS: We treated 31 patients with progressive metastatic or locally advanced RaI refractory DTC with sorafenib ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Production of the therapeutic radioisotope (114m)In through the (116)Cd(p,3n)(114m)In reaction.   Appl Radiat Isot, 68(1): 14-7.

Excitation curves for reactions induced by proton beams up to 36MeV on highly enriched (116)Cd targets were assessed. The standard stacked foil method, with monitoring of beam parameters over the whole energy region, and high resolution gamma spectrometry were used. We report cross sections for reactions leading to (113m)(,114m,115m,116m1)In and (115)Cd. A comparison with some earlier experimental data and with results of theoretical model codes ALICE-IPPE and EMPIRE are presented. Our previous ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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