Radioisotopes Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Radioisotopes, including details on radioimmunotherapy, radionuclides, procedures, hazards.

B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: PET/CT evaluation after 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy--initial experience.

Ulaner GA, Colletti PM, Conti PS

Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, 1200 N State St, GNH 3550, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. ulaner@usc.edu

PURPOSE: To retrospectively compare fusion fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomographic (PET)/computed tomographic (CT) imaging with CT imaging alone in the evaluation of yttrium 90 ((90)Y)-ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This HIPAA-compliant study was performed with approval from the University of Southern California Institutional Review Board and with informed consent. Five men and five women (mean age, 52 years; range, 38-70 years) with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma underwent FDG PET/CT imaging both 14-27 days before treatment with (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan and 4-6 months after treatment. Response after treatment was measured with CT imaging as complete response, partial response, or stable or progressive disease, as defined according to published criteria from a National Cancer Institute-sponsored international workshop. Response after treatment was measured with PET as complete response, partial response, or stable or progressive disease, as defined according to published criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Responses were determined by three interpreters in consensus. RESULTS: Interpretation of CT images alone resulted in classification of eight (80%) of 10 patients as responders to treatment, with two patients (20%) classified as having complete response. At reevaluation with fused PET/CT images, two patients (20%) had residual lesions at CT that did not show evidence of FDG avidity. These two patients, classified as partial responders according to CT criteria alone, were classified as complete responders at PET/CT. Both of these patients were free of evident disease at 18 or more months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The use of combined FDG PET/CT may enable superior assessment of response to (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan treatment than the use of CT alone, at which one may underestimate (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan response by considering inactive residual CT masses to be residual disease.

Published 29 February 2008 in Radiology, 246(3): 895-902.
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Articles on Radioisotopes published 4 February 2008:

A report on the implementation aspects of the International Atomic Energy Agency's first doctoral coordinated research project, "Management of liver cancer using radionuclide methods with special emphasis on trans-arterial radio-conjugate therapy and internal dosimetry".   Semin Nucl Med, 38(2): S5-12.

Liver cancer is one of the most dreaded cancers, and it is highly prevalent in the developing countries, where the resources are extremely scarce to deal with this disease using the current commercially available and expensive therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in pursuit of its mandate to promote the application of nuclear technology in the health care in its Member States, has developed and clinically evaluated a new and cost-effective therapeutic ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Patient-specific radiation dosimetry for radionuclide therapy of liver tumors with intrahepatic artery rhenium-188 lipiodol.   Semin Nucl Med, 38(2): S30-9.

A clinically practical algorithm has been developed for the treatment of liver cancer by the administration of rhenium-188 ((188)Re)-labeled lipiodol via the hepatic artery. This algorithm is based on the "maximum tolerated-activity" paradigm for radionuclide therapy. A small "scout" activity of (188)Re-labeled lipiodol is administered to the patient before the actual therapeutic administration. At approximately 3 hours after administration, the activities in the normal ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Radioisotopes published 24 January 2008:

Critical comparison of radiometric and mass spectrometric methods for the determination of radionuclides in environmental, biological and nuclear waste samples.   Anal Chim Acta, 608(2): 105-39.

The radiometric methods, alpha (alpha)-, beta (beta)-, gamma (gamma)-spectrometry, and mass spectrometric methods, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, accelerator mass spectrometry, thermal ionization mass spectrometry, resonance ionization mass spectrometry, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and glow discharge mass spectrometry are reviewed for the determination of radionuclides. These methods are critically compared for the determination of long-lived radionuclides important for ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Radioisotopes published 4 January 2008:

Adaptation and impairment of DNA repair function in pollen of Betula verrucosa and seeds of Oenothera biennis from differently radionuclide-contaminated sites of Chernobyl.   Ann Bot (Lond), 101(2): 267-76.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The plants that have remained in the contaminated areas around Chernobyl since 1986 encapsulate the effects of radiation. Such plants are chronically exposed to radionuclides that they have accumulated internally as well as to alpha-, beta- and gamma-emitting radionuclides from external sources and from the soil. This radiation leads to genetic damage that can be countered by DNA repair systems. The objective of this study is to follow DNA repair and adaptation in haploid ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Radioisotopes published 21 December 2007:

Radionuclide sorption-desorption pattern in soils from Spain.   Appl Radiat Isot, 66(2): 126-38.

The pattern of radiostrontium and radiocesium sorption-desorption was examined in 30 Spanish soils by the quantification of the distribution coefficients (Kd) with batch tests, the evaluation of sorption reversibility with a single extraction, the estimation of sorption dynamics by the application of drying-wetting cycles, and the calculation of Kdadjusted values as an input for risk assessment models. The data obtained overlapped with those found in soils from other climatic areas, suggesting ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Determination of biological vector characteristics and nanoparticle dimensions for radioimmunotherapy with radioactive nanoparticles.   Appl Radiat Isot, 66(2): 168-72.

Radioimmunotherapy with biological vector labeled with radioactive nanoparticles is investigated from a dosimetric point of view. Beta (32P, 90Y) and low-energy X-ray radionuclides (103Pd) are considered. Dose distributions inside solid tumors have been calculated using MCNPX 2.5.0. Nanoparticle dimensions and biological vector characteristics are also determined in order to reach the 50 Gy prescribed dose inside the entire tumor volume. The worst case of an avascular tumor is considered. ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Radioisotopes published 19 December 2007:

Predicting response to radioimmunotherapy from the tumor microenvironment of colorectal carcinomas.   Cancer Res, 67(24): 11896-905.

Solid tumors have a heterogeneous pathophysiology, which directly affects antibody-targeted therapies. Here, we consider the influence of selected tumor parameters on radioimmunotherapy, by comparing the gross biodistribution, microdistribution, and therapeutic efficacy of either radiolabeled or fluorescently labeled antibodies (A5B7 anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody and a nonspecific control) after i.v. injection in two contrasting human colorectal xenografts in MF1 nude mice. The LS174T ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Determination of natural radionuclides content in some building materials in Nigeria by gamma-ray spectrometry.   Health Phys, 94(1): 43-8.

This paper presents the findings of a study undertaken to determine the natural radioactivity present in some building materials in Nigeria using a gamma-ray spectrometer with a hyper pure germanium detector. A total of 118 samples of commonly used building materials were collected from manufacturers and suppliers of these materials. The mean radioactivity concentrations measured in the different building materials varied from 9.4 to 62.9, 1.3 to 88.4, and 21.5 to 762.4 Bq kg(-1), respectively, ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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